Innovative Approaches in Vitiligo Treatment: The Role of Nano-Drug Delivery Systems in Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy

Abstract

Vitiligo is a condition characterized by the loss of pigmentation in the skin, which has a profound influence on the physical health, emotional state, and overall quality of life of those afflicted. The main objective of therapy is to regulate the immunological response by reducing oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the skin's cuticle acts as a barrier and the absence of specific drug accumulation leads to inadequate therapeutic results and adverse consequences. Nanotechnology has intriguing opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for vitiligo, while research in this field is currently constrained. This review provides a concise and thorough analysis of current research conducted on nano-drug delivery methods used in the treatment of vitiligo. Specifically, it focusses on liposomes, niosomes, Nano hydrogels, and nanoparticles. These investigations have achieved notable advancements by raising the effectiveness of drug loading and improving the ability of drugs to penetrate the skin. These results suggest three important concepts for topical nano-drug delivery systems in the treatment of vitiligo: boosting the penetration of drugs through the skin, improving the retention of drugs, and aiding the regeneration of melanin. The purpose of these approaches is to stimulate the development of topical medication delivery methods that can efficiently target and perhaps overcome vitiligo.