Targeting Apoptotic Cell Death in Cancer Therapy: Chemotherapeutic Approaches

Abstract

One of the main goals of contemporary oncological research is to generate more potent and less harmful medicines by focusing on apoptotic cell death in cancer therapy. This review article offers a thorough summary of chemotherapeutic strategies targeted at causing cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. It starts off by going over what is now known about apoptosis, including how it affects carcinogenesis and how chemotherapy works on it. Extrinsic and intrinsic routes, among other processes involved in apoptotic cell death, are clarified, emphasizing important molecular participants including caspases, the Bcl-2 family, and death receptors. The ubiquitin/proteasome system and methods for controlling apoptotic proteins, including as p53 and NF-κB, are also discussed in the study. It also covers specific methods of inducing apoptosis, such focusing on caspases and the Bcl-2 family, in addition to using TNF, TRAIL, and p53-based treatments. The study also offers insights into the state of preclinical and clinical research in apoptotic cancer treatment, as well as the assessment of new chemotherapeutic drugs that target different apoptotic pathways. All things considered, this review article provides insightful information on the many approaches and possible targets for boosting apoptotic cell death in cancer therapy, opening the door for the creation of more powerful therapeutic approaches.